The effect is significant because it demonstrates that light cannot be explained purely as a wave phenomenon. Compton was awarded the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery. Louis and further verified by his graduate student Y. The Compton effect was observed by Arthur Holly Compton in 1923 at Washington University in St. Although nucleus Compton scattering exists, Compton scattering usually refers to the interaction involving only the electrons of an atom. The amount by which the light's wavelength changes is called the Compton shift. 1), the energy of the X ray photon (≈17 keV) was significantly larger than the binding energy of the atomic electron, so the electrons could be treated as being free after scattering. In Compton's original experiment (see Fig. The energy of a scattered photon is measured using Bragg scattering in the crystal on the right in conjunction with ionization chamber the chamber could measure total energy deposited over time, not the energy of single scattered photons. The slit passes X-ray photons scattered at a selected angle. Compton scattering occurs in the graphite target on the left. 1: Schematic diagram of Compton's experiment. This is known as Inverse Compton Scattering, in which the scattered photon increases in energy. This implies that if the recoiling particle initially carried more energy than the photon, the reverse would occur. Because of conservation of energy the lost energy from the photon is transferred to the recoiling particle (such an electron would be called a "Compton Recoil electron"). When a high frequency photon scatters due to an interaction with a charged particle, there is a decrease in the energy of the photon (and thus, an increase in its wavelength.) This is the Compton effect. Pair production and the Compton effect occur at the level of the electron. photoelectric effect and Rayleigh scattering), at the nucleus, or with just an electron. Photons can interact with matter at the atomic level (e.g. The Compton Effect significantly deviated from dominating classical theories, using both special relativity and quantum mechanics to explain the interaction between high frequency photons and charged particles. The effect was discovered in 1923 by Arthur Holly Compton while researching the scattering of X-rays by light elements, and earned him the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1927. Specifically, when the photon hits electrons, it releases loosely bound electrons from the outer valence shells of atoms or molecules. In the whole kinematical region of our measurements, the BSA on the bound proton is smaller by 20% to 40%, indicating possible medium modification of its partonic structure.Compton scattering (or the Compton effect) is the quantum theory of high frequency photons scattering following an interaction with a charged particle, usually an electron. The Q 2, x B, and t dependencies of the BSA on the bound proton are compared with those on the free proton. The azimuthal angle ( ϕ) dependence of the BSA was studied in a wide range of virtual photon and scattered proton kinematics. The data used here were accumulated using a 6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam incident on a pressurized He 4 gaseous target placed within the CLAS spectrometer in Hall-B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. In this Letter, we report the first beam spin asymmetry (BSA) measurement of exclusive deeply virtual Compton scattering off a proton bound in He 4. Meanwhile, the structure of bound nucleons in nuclei has been studied in inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering experiments off nuclear targets, showing a significant difference in longitudinal momentum distribution of quarks inside the bound nucleon, known as the EMC effect. In the past two decades, deeply virtual Compton scattering of electrons has been successfully used to advance our knowledge of the partonic structure of the free proton and investigate correlations between the transverse position and the longitudinal momentum of quarks inside the nucleon.
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